scotch

英 [skɒtʃ] 美[skɑtʃ]

GRETOEFL低频词常用词汇

第三人称单数: scotches;过去式: scotched;过去分词: scotched;现在分词: scotching;

1. 谐音“使刻切、使刻起、使可切、石刻起”----在石头上刻起刻痕“某某到此一游”。
2. 区分：scotch, scorch: scotch => Scotch（n 苏格兰人），曾经被英格兰镇压。scorch => 中间的r既像花儿也像火苗。

Scotch 苏格兰人，苏格兰威士忌

缩写自 Scottish,苏格兰人，因英格兰人以该词杜撰了诸多贬义词义，所以不为苏格兰人所喜。现主要词义缩写自 Scotch Whiskey,苏格兰威士忌。

scotch 阻止，挫败

来自中古英语 scocchen,砍，切，可能最终来自 PIE*sek,砍，切，词源同 segment,scythe.插入字母 t,比较 bake,batch.引申比喻义阻止，挫败。

scotch (v.): "stamp out, crush," 1825, earlier "make harmless for a time" (1798; a sense that derives from an uncertain reading of "Macbeth" III.ii.13), from scocchen "to cut, score, gash, make an incision" (early 15c.), of unknown origin, perhaps [Barnhart] from Anglo-French escocher, Old French cocher "to notch, nick," from coche "a notch, groove," perhaps from Latin coccum "berry of the scarlet oak," which appears notched, from Greek kokkos. Related: Scotched; scotching.
Scotch (adj.): "of Scotland," 1590s, contraction of Scottish. Disdained by the Scottish because of the many insulting and pejorative formations made from it by the English (such as Scotch greys "lice;" Scotch attorney, a Jamaica term from 1864 for strangler vines).

Scotch-Irish is from 1744 (adj.); 1789 (n.); more properly Scots-Irish (1966), from Scots (mid-14c.), the older adjective, which is from Scottis, the northern variant of Scottish. Scots (adj.) was used in Scottish until 18c., then Scotch became vernacular, but in mid-19c. there was a reaction against it. Scotch Tape was said to be so called because at first it had adhesive only on the edges (to make it easier to remove as a masking tape in car paint jobs), which was interpreted as a sign of cheapness on the part of the manufacturers.
scotch (n.1): 1778, elliptical for Scotch whisky. See Scotch (adj.).
scotch (n.2): "incision, cut, score, gash," mid-15c., related to scotch (v.).

1. Egan crossed to the drinks cabinet and poured a Scotch.: 伊根穿行来到酒柜旁，倒了一杯苏格兰威士忌。

2. He polished off his scotch and slammed the glass down.: 他一仰脖喝完苏格兰威士忌，砰的一声把杯子放下。

3. Meat labelled "Scotch Beef" sells for a premium in supermarkets.: 带有“ScotchBeef（苏格兰牛肉）”标志的牛肉在超市里售价不菲。